Percentage is the tangent of the angle times one hundred. It is not a proportion: 45 degrees is not 50 %, it is 100 %, because at that slope the rise equals the horizontal run. Near zero the relationship is nearly linear, so 1 degree is about 1.7 % and 5 degrees about 8.7 %, but it diverges quickly as the angle grows. The tool does this live so you never have to remember it.