Why 48px and not 40px or 50px for the grid tile?
48 is a multiple of 8, the spacing unit most design systems use as their base (8, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64), so the visual grid lands exactly on the same scale that already organizes margin, padding and line height across the surrounding layout.
Can this grid work as a real alignment guide instead of pure decoration?
Yes, especially at a smaller tile like 24px: in that case opacity rises a bit, up to 0.08 or 0.1, because the grid stops being background texture and starts working as an active visual reference for positioning diagram elements.
Does the mesh of lines double up where tiles meet each other?
No, as long as the stroke is drawn only on each tile's top and left edges: that way, one tile's corner automatically becomes the next tile's corner in the repeat, and every line in the final mesh gets drawn exactly once, with no overlap that would visually thicken the stroke.
Why is the recommended grid opacity lower than the dot pattern's?
Because two continuous lines per cell cover more pixel area than a single small dot on the same tile, so for the final effect to read equally subtle, the grid needs a lower opacity, typically between 0.05 and 0.08 versus 0.08 to 0.12 for dots.