I = P × r × t, where P is the principal, r the rate per period (as a decimal, 2% = 0.02) and t the number of periods, always in the same unit as the rate. The amount is A = P + I = P × (1 + r × t). Example: 1,000 at 2% per month for 6 months earns I = 1,000 × 0.02 × 6 = 120, and the amount is 1,120.