Roman Numeral Converter

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roman numerals 1 to 100 chart

Roman numerals from 1 to 100 (chart)

Use the Table tab of the tool: choose 1-100, 1-1000 or 1-3999, search by number or by letters and copy the whole chart. The pattern is small: units and tens repeat the same shape with different letters.

The pattern that builds the first 100 numbers

From 1 to 10 the sequence is I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X: three I added up, then the subtraction IV (5 minus 1), the V, three I added to the V and the subtraction IX (10 minus 1). The tens copy the same shape with different letters: X, XX, XXX, XL (50 minus 10), L, LX, LXX, LXXX, XC (100 minus 10) and C for 100. To write any number up to 100, write the tens and then the units: 47 is XL plus VII, or XLVII.
Three cases cause common mistakes. 49 is XLIX (XL plus IX), never IL, because I subtracts only from V and X. 99 is XCIX, never IC, for the same reason. And 88 is LXXXVIII, the longest numeral between 1 and 100, with 8 letters. Beyond that range, the longest up to 3999 is 3888, MMMDCCCLXXXVIII, with 15 letters. The 4 shows up as IIII on many clock faces, but the standard form is IV.

Checked examples

The two subtractions in the units

Input: 4 e 9
Expected output: IV e IX

5 minus 1 and 10 minus 1.

Tens plus units

Input: 47
Expected output: XLVII

XL (40) plus VII (7).

Almost 50

Input: 49
Expected output: XLIX

There is no IL.

The longest up to 100

Input: 88
Expected output: LXXXVIII

8 letters.

Almost 100

Input: 99
Expected output: XCIX

There is no IC.

Full tool FAQ

How do I convert an Arabic number to Roman numerals?

Write the number with the largest pieces that fit, in the order M (1000), CM (900), D (500), CD (400), C (100), XC (90), L (50), XL (40), X (10), IX (9), V (5), IV (4) and I (1). For 1994: M (1000) plus CM (900) plus XC (90) plus IV (4), that is MCMXCIV. The tool shows these steps.

How do I convert a Roman numeral to a number?

Why is IIII rejected if it appears on clock faces?

What is the largest Roman numeral?

How do I write 4000 or one million in Roman numerals?

Is there a zero, a negative number or a decimal in Roman numerals?

How do I write a date in Roman numerals?

Which century is the year 2000?

Should I use the Unicode characters Ⅷ instead of letters?

Is my data sent to a server? Can I share a result?

Frequently asked questions

What are the Roman numerals from 1 to 20?

I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX. The tool chart shows them all and lets you search any one.

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

Standard notation avoids four equal letters in a row and uses subtraction. IIII is an old additive form that still appears on many clock faces, and the tool offers it as an option.

Do Roman numerals have a zero?

Not in standard notation. Medieval texts use the word nulla or the letter N for nothing, but that sits outside the system, which is why the chart starts at 1.

Next steps

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roman numerals 1 to 100 chart

Roman numerals from 1 to 100 (chart)

The pattern that builds the first 100 numbers

From 1 to 10 the sequence is I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X: three I added up, then the subtraction IV (5 minus 1), the V, three I added to the V and the subtraction IX (10 minus 1). The tens copy the same shape with different letters: X, XX, XXX, XL (50 minus 10), L, LX, LXX, LXXX, XC (100 minus 10) and C for 100. To write any number up to 100, write the tens and then the units: 47 is XL plus VII, or XLVII.

Three cases cause common mistakes. 49 is XLIX (XL plus IX), never IL, because I subtracts only from V and X. 99 is XCIX, never IC, for the same reason. And 88 is LXXXVIII, the longest numeral between 1 and 100, with 8 letters. Beyond that range, the longest up to 3999 is 3888, MMMDCCCLXXXVIII, with 15 letters. The 4 shows up as IIII on many clock faces, but the standard form is IV.

Checked examples

The two subtractions in the units

Input: 4 e 9
Expected output: IV e IX

5 minus 1 and 10 minus 1.

Tens plus units

Input: 47
Expected output: XLVII

XL (40) plus VII (7).

Almost 50

Input: 49
Expected output: XLIX

There is no IL.

The longest up to 100

Input: 88
Expected output: LXXXVIII

8 letters.

Almost 100

Input: 99
Expected output: XCIX

There is no IC.

Full tool FAQ

How do I convert an Arabic number to Roman numerals?

How do I convert a Roman numeral to a number?

Why is IIII rejected if it appears on clock faces?

What is the largest Roman numeral?

How do I write 4000 or one million in Roman numerals?

Is there a zero, a negative number or a decimal in Roman numerals?

How do I write a date in Roman numerals?

Which century is the year 2000?

Should I use the Unicode characters Ⅷ instead of letters?

Is my data sent to a server? Can I share a result?

Frequently asked questions

What are the Roman numerals from 1 to 20?

I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX. The tool chart shows them all and lets you search any one.

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

Standard notation avoids four equal letters in a row and uses subtraction. IIII is an old additive form that still appears on many clock faces, and the tool offers it as an option.

Do Roman numerals have a zero?

Not in standard notation. Medieval texts use the word nulla or the letter N for nothing, but that sits outside the system, which is why the chart starts at 1.