Family abandonment adverse possession (CC art. 1.240-A): 2 years. However, it requires a spouse/partner who abandoned the home, area up to 250m², and no other property owned.
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Check if a property qualifies for Brazilian adverse possession (CC arts. 1.238-1.242, CF arts. 183/191).
Brazil's Civil Code and Constitution provide seven forms of real property adverse possession: (1) Extraordinary 15 years (CC art. 1.238 caput); (2) Extraordinary 10 years with work or residence (art. 1.238 sole paragraph); (3) Ordinary 10 years with just title and good faith (art. 1.242 caput); (4) Ordinary 5 years with residence or work (art. 1.242 sole paragraph); (5) Special urban 5 years (CC art. 1.240 and CF art. 183, up to 250m², no other property, residence); (6) Special rural 5 years (CC art. 1.239 and CF art. 191, up to 50ha, making the land productive through work AND having residence there, both cumulative, no other property); (7) Family abandonment 2 years (CC art. 1.240-A, abandoned spouse, up to 250m²). This tool checks all seven forms simultaneously.
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Family abandonment adverse possession (CC art. 1.240-A): 2 years. However, it requires a spouse/partner who abandoned the home, area up to 250m², and no other property owned.
Guidance tool. Adverse possession requires a court ruling or notarial extrajudicial procedure. Consult an attorney.
3 applicable types
CC art. 1.238 caput: posse de 15 anos, sem justo título, sem boa-fé, com animus domini.
CC art. 1.238 p.ú.: 10 anos, posse-trabalho (moradia habitual ou obras/serviços de caráter produtivo).
CC art. 1.242 caput: 10 anos, justo título e boa-fé.
CC art. 1.242 p.ú.: 5 anos, justo título, boa-fé, moradia habitual ou investimento/produção.
CF art. 183; CC art. 1.240: 5 anos, área urbana até 250m², moradia, sem outro imóvel.
CF art. 191; CC art. 1.239: 5 anos, área rural até 50ha, moradia E trabalho produtivo (requisitos cumulativos), sem outro imóvel.
CC art. 1.240-A: 2 anos, imóvel urbano até 250m², abandono do lar pelo(a) cônjuge/companheiro(a), moradia.